Phototelegraphic machine.



G. WALD.

PHOTOTELEGRAPHIC MACHINE.

APPLlcATloN HLED ocT. 28. 1914.

1,221,780. y Fatemi Apr.3,1917.

2 SHEETS- SHEET I.

Fay E. Witnesses Imre/*nor MM l 2 7^/ G. WALD.

PHOTOTELEGRAPHIC MACHINE.'

APPLlc/mou man ocT. 2s, 1914.

Patented Apr. 3,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l fm1/enter Hace ivy.

unesses GEORGE WALD, OF THE UNITED STATES vARIVIY.

PHOTOTELEGRAPHIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917.

Application led October 28, 1914s# Serial No. 889,038.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, G Eonon WALD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Adams, city and county of Newport, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Iliototelegrapliic Machine, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a method for transmission of photographs, sketches, etc., bywire, at a high rate of speed, locally or at a distance.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate the devices and circuits used to ac- 'coinplish the above results, Figure 1 is a top-view "of the machine, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional side-view of the device, taken along the line :ziy, Fig. 1. The saine machine is used at the sending station as at the receiving station, but the circuits diler. Fig. 3 represents diagrammatically all the electric circuits employed in the system. Fig. 3 andFig. 4 that part of the circuits and devices, which concerns the automatic action of stylus 13.

Similar arts are designated by similar numbers. Similar parts of the sending machine are distinguished from that of the re-y ceiving machine by the addition of a to the numeral used for the former.

In my method I employ, a photolithographic metallic record 18a, on which the picture is either etched by the well known process of photolitliography, or the picture may be printed on it with some insulated ink. This is traced by a stylus 13, that is held rigidly in position by thumb-screw 1G in cell 111 secured in the insulated part 12b of rocker or bell-crank 12 which moves long wise to the record 18,.through gears 8 and 9, shaft 5, clutch 4, screw-rod 10 and pins 11, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. An electric circuit is caused to` be made and broken by the record 18l revolving and the insulated and conducting parts of its surface alternately passing the needle-point of the stylus 13a, thus electric current impulses are made to travel over line wires and reproduce the picture on the receiving record 18.

The receiving record 18 is made to revolve in synchronism with the transmitting record 18a by the use of an electric synchronous motor 2, mounted on the shaft 1 and driven by power supplied by the alternator Q on shaft 1a of the transmitting machine (see Fig. 3). Or the synchronisin of the sending and receiving machines -inay be accomplished by any other well known method.

The novel feature of iny invention is the method which I employ for receiving the photograph, sketch, etc. on a receiving record 18, by the use of an insulative. and protective glue covering a metallic record I8. llor'cach current impulse supplied to the receiving circuit, an electric discharge through this glue occurs in the form of a spark, resulting in a hole burned out in the protective glue covering and. revealing the copper surface of the record 18.

These current impulses correspond to dcpressions or conducting parts, on the surface of the transmitting record 18, thus making the burned out holes in the glue covering of the receiving record 18 to correspond to the depressions or conducting parts on the surface of the transmitting record 18 and thus reproduce a like image. The receiving record 18 is then given an acid bath and the image etched on. it as in the regular method of photolithography. The acid will attack only that part of the surface of the record 18 from which the protective glue covering was burned olf by the electric discharges.

I will now explain fully my method of transmitting photographs, sketches, etc., by wire.

Referring to Fig. 3, 58 is a high-frequency, low tension, alternator, which supplies power to the primary of the transformer 41)@ through the following circuit: Top-brush of alternator 58, lead 15", brush 30, base-cylinder 6, record 18E- and when in contact with the stylus,-stylus 13a, lead 15, primary of 49, to 62, 60, and back to the alternator 58 through the bottom brush. This circuit is made and broken as the stylus 13a makes and breaks contact with the record 18a. A condenser 63 of low-capacity and high voltage may be used to absorb the spark across the stylus 13a. The alternating current is thus applied across the primary of the transformer 49 in unison with the stylus 13a making contact with the 'conducting parts of the record 18a. The secondary of 49a steps up this voltage so as to make the losses of power in the lines negligible. One side of the secondary of 49 is grounded at E, the other side through switch 17'* and line A. L., to the receiving stations, switch 17, primary applied puncturingsame. whenever an eleci tric impulse occurs. r1`he transformer 49 rectiticsthe line voltage of the electric im-` pulses. so .that they are just suiiicient to puncture the insulating-glue-covering on the record 18. These puncturesform burned holes thus revealing the copper or other metallic surface of record 18. I

rlhe shaft 1 is driven by any motive power, such as an electric motor'57. On the shaft 1a is mounted the alternator 2a which supplies power through line l). L.,

and ground E-E to the synchronous motor 2 on shaft 1. rlhus shaft 1 is iliade to revolve in synchronism with shaft 11. The insulating cylinder 17, basccylinder (S and record 18 are mounted on shaft 1 while 6 and 18a o n shaft la, thusboth records 18 and 18a pass the stylus 13 and 13'l in synchronisin, producing on the record 18 a like image of 18a.

: After t'hd transmission is completed the record 18 is removed from the base cy1inder 6, and etched in an acid bath as in the regular process of photolit-hography. The acid will attack the revealed copper surface of record 18 and etch same to the proper depth, to enable prints to be made from same, as is well known to all familiar in the art.

The stylus 13 and 13a are raised automatically from the records 18 and 18a when the picture is completely transmitted and again lowered automatically in position when a picture is again to be transmitted. in the following manner. v The screw-shaft 10 causes hell-crank 12 with stylus .13 to move to the right to wall 29 or to the left 'to wall 7 of the machine (see Fig. 1), depending on the direction of.

rotation of the said screw-rod 10, heilig con- 00 trolled by the reversing clutch 4. Normally bell-crank 12 moves to the left, to wall 7, but

when the electromagnet 4"' (see Fig. 3a) is energized it' causes clutch 4 to reverse the direction of rotation of shaft 10 and move bell-crank l2 to the right, or wall 29.

A rocking-rod 19 pivoted at 25 and 2G through levers 24 and 23, is passed through tail-end-piece 12c of the bell-crank 12. As the rod 19 is lowered and raised, the stylus 13 is lifted from, and put back on, the record 18 (see Fig. 2), respectively. A hook lever 32 (see Fig. 3a), pivoted at 33 has its hook 32a riding upon rod 1,9. The other end of 32 is pivoted to plunger 3G of the solenoid 43. A spring 34 secured at any point likev 35, is pulling on lever 32 in such a direction as to lower 32l with rod 19, but such motion is prevented by catch lever 28 (see Fig. 4),. A spring 39 through lever 23 holds rod 19 against the hook 321; however when catch lever 28 is forced inward against spring 59, spring 34, which is much stronger than sprin 39, swings lever 32 about its pivot 33, lowering rod 19 and raising the stylus 13 ofl" ,the record 18. When the solenoid 43 is en- 75 ergized the plunger 36 is pulled downward, turning. lever 32 about its pivoted point, passingthe catch 28 (see Fig. 4) to the position shown, allowing spring 39 to raise rod 19 and return stylus 13 on the vsurface of 80 record 18.

The bell-crank 12 terinii'lates in a rod 2l and 20 which is in line with the projections 28a and 27, when rod 19 is in the upper and lower positions respectively. In the transmission process, the bell-crank 12 is moving to the left. When the transmission is completed rod 21 strikes latch-lever 28, releasing lever 32 which turns about 33, lowering rod 19 and liftingthe stylus 13 ofi' the sur- 90 face of record l18. Rod-plunger 3G is also raised closing the local battery circuit at 37 which is as follows: -lof battery 41, contact 27a, reversingclutch-magnet 4, contacts 38, 37 and back to -41. This causes the stylus 95 13 to'rise from record 18. As these devices are alike at the sending and receiving machines, both eventually go through the same process. The clutch 4 reverses the direction of rotation of screw-rod 10, thus moving lo stylus 13 to the starting osition at the right side of the machine. oon rod 20 strikes projection 27 which opens contact 27a (see Fig. 3a) and allows clutch 4 to return to normal. This starts bell-crank 12 again to 195 the left, but contact 27a is immediately closed, reversing again clutch 4, This keeps bell-crank 12 with stylus 13 at the starting position.

1n this position the stylus 13 and 13il keep 11g the sending as well as the receiving circuits open. In the receiving machine contact 27a closes another circuit, vim-flof battery 41, coil 42, 38, 37 and -41 battery. Coil 42 operates and closes the automatic switch 46 115 into line A. L. This puts primary 45 into the line circuit, while secondary 44, magnetizes solenoid 43 wheneverelectric current flows through 45. The sending machine, which is just like the receiving machine, has no coil 42, no1` any transformer 45-44. Instead, the switch 462L when closed puts solenoid 43a (which is exactly like 43) in parallel with the primary 49a and both are put across the alternator 58. Both blades of the DP. S. T. switch 46a are connected together and to the upper-brush.' of the alternator 58 or, which is the same, to line l5". When the machines are ready to be started, switch 46:L is closed, thus closing the follow-v 130 ing circuits: top-brush of alternator 58, left-hand-side-blade of switch 46, to lower contact or same, solenoid 43"L and back to generator 58. This lowers stylus 13 on the surface of record lSand also starts it to the left, transmitting the photograph, sketch, etc. Simultaneously 46a completes another circuit, viz:- top-brush of alternator' 58, right-side-blade of switch 4G, to lower` right-hand side contact (which is marked up and through primary of 49, back through 62 and G0 to the lower brush of the alternator' 58 which completes the circuit. lhe secondary oli' 49"L sends an electric current through line A. L., 47, 46, 45 and returns by grounds lll and E, causing the secondary 4l to actuate solenoid 43 putting stylus 13 on record 1S and starting the former on a transmission stroke. When contact 37 opens, switch 46 opens and remains so till the transmission is completed.

ln Fig. 3 means are shown whereby the angle ol? lead or lag may be caused to remain constant, consisting of an automatic synchronimr or powel-factor meter 54 supplied with power by a current-transformer 55 and a potential transformer 56, which will cause the insertion or cutting out of resistance from the field 50 by the pointer 52 shifting on resistance 5l.

A condenser 60 may be connected in the primary of transformer 49, as shown in Fig. 3, thus resonating the circuit by causing the capacity reactance to balance the in ductive reactance. In that case, however, a non-inductive resistance may have to be used in the circuit as shown at 62.

W hat I claim is:

The method of reproducing sketches and photographs by electric impulses transmitted from a distance and controlled by a transmitting subject by causing the electric impulses to rupture and thereby produce burned holes in an insulating and protecting glue covering a metallic record, thus reproducing the subject in the form of a photolithographical plate as described.

GEORGE WALD.

W tnesses:

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN MIDDLE'ioN, RICHARD OSCAR MANN. 

